How to describe medical symptoms in English?

We do have an emergency slot available at 2:30. Can you fill out this patient form? Have you been to a dentist recently?

我们2:30有一个紧急号。能填一下这份患者表格吗？你最近看过牙医吗？

Hello, I'm Dr. Adams. Let's take a look. Open wide, please... I can see a large cavity on your lower right molar. That's what's causing the pain. We'll need to take an X-ray to see how deep it is.

你好，我是 Adams 医生。让我看看。请张大嘴……我看到你右下方的臼齿有一个很大的蛀洞。这就是疼痛的原因。我们需要拍个X光看看有多深。

The X-ray shows the cavity hasn't reached the nerve yet, so a filling should be enough. If it had reached the nerve, then yes, you'd need a root canal. I can do the filling right now if you'd like.

X光显示蛀洞还没到神经，所以补牙就可以了。如果到了神经，那就需要根管治疗了。如果你愿意，我现在就可以补。

Don't worry. I'll numb the area first with a local anesthetic. You'll feel a small pinch from the injection, but after that you won't feel any pain. The whole procedure takes about 30 minutes. If you feel any discomfort, just raise your left hand.

别担心。我会先用局部麻醉把那个区域麻掉。打麻药时会有一点刺痛，之后就不会痛了。整个过程大约30分钟。如果感到不舒服，举左手示意。

A composite filling for this size cavity is $250. The X-ray is $85. We'll give you a detailed receipt for your travel insurance claim. After the filling, avoid eating on that side for two hours and stay away from very hot or cold food for a day.

这个大小的蛀洞，树脂补牙250美元。X光85美元。我们会给你一份详细的收据用于旅行保险理赔。补完牙后两小时内不要用那一侧吃东西，一天内避免过冷过热的食物。

Sure. We have openings on Thursday at 10 AM or Friday at 2 PM. Which works better for you? A cleaning and checkup takes about 45 minutes to an hour.

好的。周四上午10点或周五下午2点有空位。哪个更方便？洗牙和检查大约需要45分钟到一个小时。

A standard cleaning is $120, and the checkup including X-rays is $180. So the total would be $300. If you need a deep cleaning, that's more — around $400 to $600, depending on the condition of your gums.

标准洗牙120美元，包含X光的检查180美元。所以总共300美元。如果需要深度洁牙，会更贵——大约400到600美元，取决于牙龈状况。

Of course. First, we'll do a full examination and take X-rays. Then the hygienist will remove plaque and tartar using a scaler — you'll hear a scraping sound, which is normal. After that, we polish your teeth and finish with a fluoride treatment. It shouldn't be painful, but let us know if your gums are sensitive.

当然。首先我们做全面检查和拍X光。然后洁牙师会用刮治器清除牙菌斑和牙石——你会听到刮擦的声音，这是正常的。之后我们会给牙齿抛光，最后做氟化处理。应该不会疼，但如果你的牙龈敏感就告诉我们。

Bleeding gums are often a sign of gingivitis — early-stage gum disease. It's very common and usually reversible with regular cleanings and good brushing habits. I'll check your gum health during the exam. Do you floss daily?

牙龈出血通常是牙龈炎的信号——早期牙周病。很常见，通过定期洗牙和良好的刷牙习惯一般可以恢复。检查时我会看看你的牙龈健康状况。你每天用牙线吗？

Flossing once a day makes a big difference. I'd also recommend using a soft-bristle toothbrush and brushing for at least two minutes. We'll see you Thursday at 10. If the bleeding gets worse before then, give us a call.

每天用一次牙线差别很大。我还建议用软毛牙刷，每次刷至少两分钟。周四10点见。如果出血在那之前加重了，打电话给我们。